Gene-Immune Therapy of Cancer: Approaches and Problems

Tumor heterogeneity and constant selection of therapy-resistant cancer cells in the tumor require combinatorial approaches to treatment that affect various vital processes tumor. Immunotherapy made a revolution among treatment. Today, many methods are grouped around this type Most antitumor immunotherapeutic agents administered intravenously, which cause serious, often life-threatening, side effects due accumulation these nontarget tissues. Side can be reduced using local therapy, is limited tumor, but at same time causes systemic immune response. Localization action achieved by intratumoral introduction therapeutic genes. These genes encode variety products, ranging from checkpoint inhibitors immunomodulators enzymes mediate conversion prodrugs into chemotherapeutic (gene-directed enzyme prodrug GDEPT). In review, we will consider use encoding molecules checkpoints, cytokines, danger signals, GDEPT enzymes, as well their combination for gene-immune therapy cancer.